A guide to common referencing styles for university students

Student in a library

Incorporating citations or referencing into work for school or university can prove daunting even to the most experienced students. There are numerous options available, and universities often have their own preferred or required styles, frequently varying across subjects and departments. This short guide aims to familiarise you with the most common referencing styles, ensuring you … Read more

Chicago Footnote Style

Chicago Footnote Style

The Chicago Footnote Style follows most of the rules of the footnotes and endnotes style as described in the last blog – they can be used interchangeably – although there are minor differences between the two. Follow this guide to reference accurately according to the style required by your lecturer or university. Repeated Works When … Read more

Chicago Author-date Style

The Chicago Author-date style apes the Harvard Referencing system, again with minor differences. Whereas the Chicago Footnote System is generally used in the arts, humanities and social sciences, the Chicago Author-date style is more commonly used across the “natural’ sciences, although Biologists also use the Vancouver Style (see a later blog entry for more on … Read more

Making the most of course readers and handouts: 5 key tips

Lecturer handing out some notes in class

Often overlooked, course readers and handouts are more important than most students realise. These documents – module readers, syllabi, lecture handouts, assigned articles – might not be as flashy as textbooks or as exciting as new lectures, but they can be the secret sauce to academic success. In fact, research over decades has found that … Read more

Harvard Referencing

A common referencing style, Harvard Referencing is the referencing style of choice for most institutions and lecturers and is used commonly across many disciplines. Harvard Referencing contains both an intext reference as well as a fuller bibliographical entry at the end of the essay. Follow this guide to set your references out correctly. Citing Book(s) … Read more

Why you should read other essays before you write your own

Each student will have their own personal challenges when it comes to writing an essay – whether it’s time management, conducting research, or putting ideas onto the page in a well structured and flowing argument. If you’re struggling to achieve the grades you know you can, or if you want to take your essay writing … Read more

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